Sustainable Livelihood

Many times over the past few years I’ve referred to our land use and environmental work in terms of their improvements to health and livelihood of communities. We have never methodically developed indicators or measures of “healthy, sustainable livelihood”…but think it is critically important.

Attached is a white paper that begins to take the issues apart and structure some approaches.

This is enormously important to the future of carbon markets and conservation finance. Without measures of social well-being we are lost.

http://www.ids.ac.uk/ids/bookshop/wp/wp72.pdf

Criticizing Market-Based Conservation

At IUCN World Conservation Congress in Barcelona, Global Forest Coalition managing coordinator Simone Lovera said: “The report provides a number of fascinating real-life stories on how these mechanisms work out at the community-level. It forms an important addition to the increasing number of studies that focus on the potential benefits of these mechanisms for local communities and the rules and standards that are needed to generate these benefits. As the case studies describe, such rules and standards seldom exist, and even where they exist, they are not well-implemented as market mechanisms make it attractive for powerful actors to circumvent them. The costs of these mechanisms, also in terms of undermining community governance, seem to outweigh the benefits in real-life situations.”

It appears that international market-based conservation has some of the same problems that international banking has had over the past few years. I have read two articles…here is one with a link to the study released at the IUCN meeting in Spain.

http://towardfreedom.com/home/content/view/1431/1/

EPA Greenhouse Gas Registry

A bill, entitled the Greenhouse Gas Registry Act, introduced by Reps. Baldwin (D-WI), Inslee (D-WA), and Holt (D-NJ) would set up new requirements for the Environmental Protection Agency to develop a national greenhouse gas registry. The bill essentially mirrors the greenhouse gas registry requirements proposed in the Lieberman-Warner Climate Security Act of 2008, including the requirement that the registry take into account the best practices of local, state, private, and international registry programs. As a result of this best management requirement, the Greenhouse Gas Registry Act, if enacted, could conflict with EPA’s ongoing efforts to establish a greenhouse gas registry.

Aside from this newly introduced bill, EPA is obligated under current law to create a final registry rule by July 1, 2009, and plans to release a proposed version of that rule in the near future. Early reports indicate that EPA’s proposed rule may allow regulated entities to “self-report” their greenhouse gas emissions instead of requiring regulated entities to obtain a third-party verification of their greenhouse gas emissions. This move would be in stark contrast with the prevailing standards of international registries and voluntary domestic registries like the California Action Registry, which all require third party verification. Arguably, then, third-party verification is a greenhouse gas registry best practice, and the Greenhouse Gas Registry Act may, therefore, require third-party verification. Consequently, if the Greenhouse Gas Registry Act becomes law and if EPA’s forthcoming proposed rules allow for self verification, then EPA’s current efforts to create a greenhouse gas registry may be in vain.

New England and Carbon Offsets

Several of us in New England have been looking at the possibilities of small forest landowners (and even urban treeplanting projects) being able to receive carbon offset credits for certain forest management and treeplanting practices. The current Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) protocol only allows for afforestation projects….the New England states are heavily forested and therefore afforestation carbon credits have little utility.

A recent study by the Manomet Center in Maine and another study at the Harvard Forest both suggest that specific forest management practices could provide significant carbon sequestration….but caution that proper accounting protocols are critical to manage the issues of additionality and leakage.

Other conversations have also centered around the possible benefits of measuring other ecosystem services in terms of their carbon impacts…therefore creating a common currency for an entire set of ecosystem service benefits.

One of our colleagues, Kate Kilguss, is authoring a white paper that provides the basis to consider changes to the RGGI carbon offset protocol as well as explores how forest management (and soil management) carbon offsets might benefit New England farm and forest landowners.

A New Shared Economy for Appalachia

John Todd has recently published this report titled ‘A New Shared Economy for Appalachia: An Economy Built on Environmental Restoration, Carbon Sequestration, Renewable Energy and Ecological Design’.

It is an expansive….and bold…. suggestion to completely reform the economy and ecology of Appalachia. There are aspects of it that are very interesting and rational. It would require enormous political change, both in governments and in corporations.

The entire report (it’s worth reviewing):

A New Shared Economy for Appalachia

RGGI

From a RGGI Press Release:
The ten Northeast and Mid-Atlantic States participating in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) today took the next step toward launching the first-in-the-nation auction of carbon dioxide (CO2) allowances. The RGGI states issued a preliminary release of technical materials outlining the process and requirements for market participants interested in bidding in the first auction.

This early release of materials provides information related to the auction schedule, the eligibility criteria for bidders, the auction format, and procedures for how potential bidders can become qualified to participate and indicate their intent to bid. Included in these materials is a detailed description of the information that will be included in the formal auction notice, scheduled to be released on July 24, the official start of the 60-day pre-auction process.

All materials are available through

http://www.rggi.org

Read the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative, Inc. (RGGI, Inc.) press release at http://www.rggi.org/ro.htm#press

The auction materials are available at

http://www.rggi.org/auctions

Regulating Greenhouse Gas Emissions and The Clean Air Act

In April of 2007 the Supreme Court ruled that the EPA had the right to regulate greenhouse gas emissions “if EPA determines they cause or contribute to air pollution that may reasonably be anticipated to endanger public health or welfare.” As you can imagine, this has caused no small amount of handwringing in the current Administration. EPA today issued an Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking that begins to deal with the issue (and ‘begin’ is the operative word…). There are some wonderful references to the Clean Air Act by the EPA Secretary and others in their introductory remarks…’antiquated’, ‘outdated’….